The application of bentonite in food industry is mainly as follows:
?The use of animal and vegetable oil in decolorizing essence animal and vegetable oil is an indispensable substance in people's life, but there are many impurities, pigments and odorous substances in animal and vegetable oil, some of which are harmful to human health. With the progress of living standard, the quality, purity and taste of animal and vegetable oil are required to be higher and higher. It is necessary to decolorize, remove odor and impurities. Activated clay was prepared from Liaoning bentonite by inorganic acid activation. In the activation process, because H + can replace the cations between layers, such as Ca +, Mg +, K +, Na +, etc., and make them dissolve, together with a strong acid, it can also dissolve the aluminum ions in octahedral structure, remove the impurities on the surface of the ore, dredge the pores, and significantly increase the pore volume and apparent volume. Therefore, the adsorption of the product can be enhanced and the decolorizing power can be improved. It can be widely used for decolorizing essence of animal and plant fats.
The most important property of activated clay is its ability of absorption and decolorization. The adsorption is mainly in two forms: physical adsorption agrees with chemical adsorption, and the force to produce physical adsorption is van der Waals force, which generally exists between the surface of the adsorbent and the adsorbate molecules, to remove organic pigments such as carotene, lutein and chlorophyll, phospholipid and lipopolysaccharide and harmful components such as aflatoxin and free gossypol, chemical adsorption It depends on the chemical bond formed and has significant selectivity, such as selective adsorption of impurities such as hydroxyl containing substances, trace metals (trace iron, copper, nickel, etc.) and soaps (calcium soap, magnesium soap, etc.); it can also remove some oxidation products such as aldehydes, ketones, epoxides and other compounds in oil. The purpose of decolorizing, deodorizing, detoxifying and reducing oil oxidation is reached, and then the quality of edible oil is improved and its storage period is extended. Now it is widely used for decolorization of various animal and vegetable oils, such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, coconut oil, castor oil, tea oil, corn germ oil, refined nuclear oil, sesame oil, tung oil, safflower oil, etc.
Application of wine making industry
The main functions of Liaoning bentonite in wine brewing are: to make clear and stabilize the wine body, to prevent the turbidity and deposition caused by protein in the wine; to significantly improve the stability of the wine to protein, iron and copper, to improve the resistance to iron and copper spoilage; to improve the wine yield, and to partially improve the taste of the wine. Some people think that bentonite can inhibit the function of the oxidase in grape juice when it is put in before the grape is destroyed in the wine making process, and it is better when it is combined with SO2. In addition, the combination of bentonite with gelatin and casein can combine with tannin and pigment in grape to produce flocculation reaction and remove these substances, so as to make wine clear and stable. Bentonite can also be used as clarifier of liquor. It can absorb turbid substances (higher esters and alcohols) in liquor. Its dosage is generally controlled at 1.5-4%, and it can be used for 7 days. When the substances are carried to the bottom of the container by its own gravity, the supernatant will be filtered by flannelette. But suitable for low alcohol use. In the application of rice wine, the combination of bentonite and gelatin can effectively solve the problem of non biological deposition of rice wine. In beer production, bentonite is widely used as a stabilizer. Before filtration, bentonite suspension is added into the cooled beer to make it have enough time to deposit. The quantity of bentonites involved depends on the desired stability and protein content of beer, generally 50-150g / KL.
In fruit wine and manufacturing wine, bentonite also has a wide application prospect. For example, in a very short period of time, there will be some problems, such as turbidity, loss of light, deposition and so on. The main influencing factor is the aggregation and deposition of macromolecular substances led by protein. However, after treatment with bentonite, the stability is improved, especially in low alcohol liquor, the adsorption effect of Bentonite on protein is significant, and the adsorption of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide is very little, without pectinase treatment, there is no turbidity and deposition in natural conditions for 3 months.
Application in beverage industry
Liaoning bentonite can not only adsorb polyphenols such as tannin, but also macromolecular colloidal particles such as protein, and can also complexate with metal ions, and then eliminate many factors that cause non biological Turbidity of fruit juice.
Application in condiment processing
The application of Liaoning bentonite in soy sauce processing can improve the production rate of amino acids and the utilization rate of total nitrogen, and improve the nutrients of soy sauce together. Because bentonite contains trace elements, it can supplement the growth factors of Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger when making koji, promote the growth of Aspergillus oryzae and improve the vitality of protease to a certain extent; together with trace elements, it is also an important catalyst and activator of protease, which can promote the function of egg white enzyme on substrate protein, and then further improve the yield of amino acid and the utilization of total nitrogen The microelements finally exist in soy sauce products, which can improve the nutrient composition of soy sauce, improve the nutrient value of soy sauce, and adapt to the changes of customer structure. In recent years, chitosan clarifier loaded on bentonite, which is made of chitosan and bentonite, can be used to remove the dirt and sediment in vinegar. The increase of 1.5%, the action time of 5 minutes and the action temperature of room temperature can achieve a good understanding of the effect. Moreover, chitosan loaded on bentonite is non-toxic, harmless and pollution-free. Bentonite can be widely used in monosodium glutamate production after modification. It has been reported that bentonite, after being treated with carboxymethylcellulose salt, can decolorize the starch saccharification solution in the production of monosodium glutamate. It does not adsorb glucose, but can reduce the arsenic content in the saccharification solution by 87% and the crude protein content by 27%, which is conducive to the improvement of monosodium glutamate quality. However, the adsorption of protein and amino acid by bentonite is mainly in the form of ion exchange, polar force and intermolecular force. Among them, the adsorption capacity of basic lysine is the strongest, and that of non-polar alanine is the smallest, with a difference of 5 times. The adsorption of amino acids by calcium bentonite is better than that by sodium bentonite, and pH value is the main factor affecting adsorption. When pH = 2.2, the adsorption capacity of lysine by bentonite is the largest, and the adsorption capacity of lysine by acid treated bentonite is the strongest.
Because of the different origin and region of Liaoning bentonite ore, there are great differences in its internal composition and characteristics, which brings great difficulties to the deep processing of bentonite. The product quality fluctuates greatly, which greatly limits the application and promotion of Liaoning bentonite in more areas. At present, most of the bentonite used in the food industry in China is imported, and the market demand is very large, which requires researchers to strengthen the in-depth research on the structure, characteristics and decolorization mechanism of Liaoning bentonite, and carry out the purification, modification and Application Research of Liaoning bentonite, so as to expand its application scope. Beipiao Tongxin bentonite Co., Ltd
